Category: National Security
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The risk of overconfidence in defense strategy
Confidence in military doctrine has historically preceded the worst defense failures. Overconfidence isn’t a personality flaw — it’s a structural risk.
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The stand-down order myth and NORAD’s actual timeline
The 9/11 stand-down theory has lingered for two decades. The 9/11 Commission record and NORAD timelines tell a more complicated story than the slogan.
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The intelligence failures that were real, and the ones that weren’t
Not every intelligence failure was actually a failure of intelligence. Separating analysis errors from policy failures reveals what really went wrong.